Economic and Financial Viability of Photovoltaic Systems for Sustainable Energy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24023/FutureJournal/2175-5825/2026.v18i1.994Keywords:
Economic and financial feasibility, Solar photovoltaic energy, SustainabilityAbstract
Objective: This study analyzed the economic and financial feasibility of implementing an on-grid photovoltaic system on a rural property in Uberlândia-MG, a municipality with high solar incidence potential.
Method: The research, which was applied in nature and quantitative in approach, used energy consumption data, implementation costs, and energy generation projections using Designer® software. Financial indicators such as Discounted Payback (DP), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Present Value (NPV), Return on Investment (ROI), and Profitability Index (PI) were applied, along with sensitivity analysis of cost and tariff variations.
Results: The results indicated a DP of 4 years and 1 month, an IRR of 16% (higher than the minimum rate of return of 9.5%), a positive NPV of R$ 220,971.99, an ROI of 51% (after 5 years), and a PI of 1.16. There was also a 77.43% reduction in kWh consumption payable and a mitigation of 1,453.5 tons of CO₂ over 25 years. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated the project's resilience, even in the face of adverse scenarios such as rising costs or tariff reductions.
Conclusions: The project is financially viable and aligns with energy efficiency and decarbonization policies. The photovoltaic solar energy system analyzed proved to be a strategic alternative, given the high level of isolation. Replication of the model is recommended, preceded by system sizing studies and tariff scenarios analysis.
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